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ATI Pharmacology RN Questions & Correct Answers, Exams of Nursing

Liberty University (LU)Nursing

Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen): Indication - ANSWER-malaria prevention; Use: take weekly starting 1 week before departure and continued for 4 weeks after return. Heparin (anticoagulant) Use - ANSWER-w/alteplase for acute MI Warfarin (Coumadin) Use - ANSWER-long-term prophylaxis of thrombosis [antidote—Vit K] Clopidogrel (Plavix) Use - ANSWER-reduce long-term risk of clotting w/ atherosclerosis and recent MI of CVA Alteplase (Activase) [antithrombolytic] Use - ANSWER-Acute MI/CVA (has short half-life) Methylphenidate (Concerta) Use - ANSWER-marcolepsy Precaution: avoid caffeine use Testosterone IM use - ANSWER-If use to correct delayed puberty→assess bone maturation with bi-annual x-rays of hand and wrist; monitor liver function (can ↑ hypoglycemia, potentiate sleep apnea, exacerbate heart failure due to fluid retention. Diphenoxylate & Atropine (Lomotil) Caution - ANSWER-With Renal impairment ↓ elimination of atropine → ↑ anticholinergic effects of atropine

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2024/2025

Available from 07/14/2025

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ATI Pharmacology RN Questions &
Correct Answers
Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen): Indication - ANSWER-malaria prevention; Use: take
weekly starting 1 week before departure and continued for 4 weeks after return.
Heparin (anticoagulant) Use - ANSWER-w/alteplase for acute MI
Warfarin (Coumadin) Use - ANSWER-long-term prophylaxis of thrombosis [antidote—
Vit K]
Clopidogrel (Plavix) Use - ANSWER-reduce long-term risk of clotting w/ atherosclerosis
and recent MI of CVA
Alteplase (Activase) [antithrombolytic] Use - ANSWER-Acute MI/CVA (has short half-
life)
Methylphenidate (Concerta) Use - ANSWER-marcolepsy Precaution: avoid caffeine use
Testosterone IM use - ANSWER-If use to correct delayed puberty→assess bone
maturation with bi-annual x-rays of hand and wrist; monitor liver function (can ↑
hypoglycemia, potentiate sleep apnea, exacerbate heart failure due to fluid retention.
Diphenoxylate & Atropine (Lomotil) Caution - ANSWER-With Renal impairment ↓
elimination of atropine → ↑ anticholinergic effects of atropine like confusion
Loperamide (Imodium) use - ANSWER-anti-diarrheal (poorly absorbed from GI tract;
difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier)
Methylcellulose (Citrucel) use - ANSWER-bulk-forming agent with minimal Side Effects
(SE)
Psyllium (Metamucil) use - ANSWER-bulk-forming agent with minimal Side Effects (SE)
Acetazolamide (Diamox) [diuretic] indication - ANSWER-edema, epilepsy, acute
mountain sickness, glaucoma (↓ intraocular pressure by ↓ amount of aqueous humor in
the eye) Contra: allergy to sulfonamides
Metoprolol (Lopressor) [β-blocker] use and side effects - ANSWER-Hold dose for
dyspnea (sign of exacerbation of CHF) Propanolol (Inderal) Use. Dysrhythmia, HTN,
angina; SE: bronchoconstriction/bronchospasm; can block glyconeogenesis
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ATI Pharmacology RN Questions &

Correct Answers

Chloroquine phosphate (Aralen): Indication - ANSWER-malaria prevention; Use: take weekly starting 1 week before departure and continued for 4 weeks after return. Heparin (anticoagulant) Use - ANSWER-w/alteplase for acute MI Warfarin (Coumadin) Use - ANSWER-long-term prophylaxis of thrombosis [antidote— Vit K] Clopidogrel (Plavix) Use - ANSWER-reduce long-term risk of clotting w/ atherosclerosis and recent MI of CVA Alteplase (Activase) [antithrombolytic] Use - ANSWER-Acute MI/CVA (has short half- life) Methylphenidate (Concerta) Use - ANSWER-marcolepsy Precaution: avoid caffeine use Testosterone IM use - ANSWER-If use to correct delayed puberty→assess bone maturation with bi-annual x-rays of hand and wrist; monitor liver function (can ↑ hypoglycemia, potentiate sleep apnea, exacerbate heart failure due to fluid retention. Diphenoxylate & Atropine (Lomotil) Caution - ANSWER-With Renal impairment ↓ elimination of atropine → ↑ anticholinergic effects of atropine like confusion Loperamide (Imodium) use - ANSWER-anti-diarrheal (poorly absorbed from GI tract; difficulty crossing the blood-brain barrier) Methylcellulose (Citrucel) use - ANSWER-bulk-forming agent with minimal Side Effects (SE) Psyllium (Metamucil) use - ANSWER-bulk-forming agent with minimal Side Effects (SE) Acetazolamide (Diamox) [diuretic] indication - ANSWER-edema, epilepsy, acute mountain sickness, glaucoma (↓ intraocular pressure by ↓ amount of aqueous humor in the eye) Contra: allergy to sulfonamides Metoprolol (Lopressor) [β-blocker] use and side effects - ANSWER-Hold dose for dyspnea (sign of exacerbation of CHF) Propanolol (Inderal) Use. Dysrhythmia, HTN, angina; SE: bronchoconstriction/bronchospasm; can block glyconeogenesis

Norgestrel (Ovrette) use and contraindication - ANSWER-contraception; SE: excess progestin →weight gain from ↑ appetite; deficiency of progestin: late breakthrough bleeding, amenorrhea; excess estrogen → edema Medroxyprogesterone (Provera); Contra: smoking/tobacco products; Risks: Thromboembolism & Cardiovascular complications; Interventions: use additional contraceptive measures w/antibiotic therapy IM injection site - ANSWER-locate dorsogluteal site Nausea tx - ANSWER-antiemetic plus cool, damp cloth to forehead, neck, and wrists. Allopurinol (Zyloprim) indication - ANSWER-Gout; MofA: ↓ serum uric acid levels & urinary uric acid secretion; Precaution: avoid foods that acidify urine such as corn TB—multi drug tx - ANSWER-Isoniazid(INH), Rifampin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol—to deal w/ resistant strains ACE Inhib. Lisinopril (Zestril) SE - ANSWER-dry/persistent cough for 1-2 wks from ↑ bradykinin Furosemide (Lasix) [loop diuretic] Intervention - ANSWER-check BP before giving to determine baseline; can cause ↓ BP by ↓ circulatory volume or by relaxing venous smooth muscle Ticlopidine (Ticlid) indication - ANSWER-prevent coronary artery thombosis; Intervention: check platelet count What intervention needs to be preformed before giving an IV medications - ANSWER- assess site for redness/swelling before administration Collagenase (Santy) use - ANSWER-Debride ulcers Interferon Use - ANSWER-Prevent viral replication Isotretinoin (Accutane) contraindication - ANSWER-pregnancy w/ 2 forms of birth control due to teratogenic effects Epoetin Alfa (Procrit) indication - ANSWER-treat anemia; SE: headache, HTN, seizures RT Hct rises too quickly Urofollitropin (Fertinex) side effect - ANSWER-ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Hypertensive crisis S/S - ANSWER-flushed skin, headache, visual changes Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) indication - ANSWER-prevent liver damage following acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose. Most effective if given shortly after ingestion; some protection up to 24 hrs.

Guaifenesin SE - ANSWER-can cause drowsiness Estrogen (premarin) SE - ANSWER-↑ risk of Thromboembolism with s/s: SOB, severe headache, vomiting, sudden acute pain in the calves, legs, chest, abdomen. Doxepin (Sinequan) [anticholinergic] SE - ANSWER-urinary retension, constipation, drying of nasal/oral secretons, ↑HR Albuterol (Proventil) [sympathomimetic/ adrenergic beta-2 agonist] Contraindicated - ANSWER-with MAOIs (can↑ action of albuterol and → HTN crisis); β-blockers can inhibit the therapeutic effects Use: invert canister, shake before use, rinse mouth after use, w/new inhaler perform test spray Levothryoxine (T4) Indication - ANSWER-hypothyroidism RT dysfxn of hypothalamus, pituitary, or thyroid gland Cephalosporins (Keflex) - ANSWER-allergy to cephalosporins is considered a precaution for taking penicillins Phenobarbital [Barbiturates]; interventions for anticonvulsant therapy - ANSWER- assess for resp. depression, excess sedation from toxic effects, IV at < 50mg/min, avoid extravasation (alkaline→skin damage) Sumatriptan (Imitrex) use - ANSWER-when migraine symptoms appear and again in 1 hr if symptoms persist Route—fastest/most effective - ANSWER-intravenous Narcan [opioid antagonist] - ANSWER-therapeutic action: improvement of respiratory rate Baclofen (Lioresal) Therapeutic action - ANSWER-↓ frequency & severity of muscle spasms Erythromycin (Erythrocin) [macrolide] SE - ANSWER-liver toxicity What do need to avoid when taking Spironolactone (Aldactone) [K sparing diuretic] - ANSWER-foods w/ ↑ K such as salt substitutes Simvastatin (Zocor)—SE - ANSWER-muscle weakness/aches; Assess: Creatine Kinase (released w/severe muscle injury) Amitriptyline (Elavil) [tricyclic antidepressant] SE - ANSWER-orthostatic hypotension, sedation, & confusion

Narcotic (opiate) analgesic—SE - ANSWER-papillary constriction, ↓BP, ↓HR, ↓ GI mobility Antihistamines indication - ANSWER-allergy-induced symptoms Mucolytic indication - ANSWER-↓ viscosity of mucus plugs making them easier to expel Antitussive indication - ANSWER-used to suppress a cough Decongestant indication - ANSWER-used to treat nasal congestion Bulk-forming laxatives (Metamucil) Use - ANSWER-take w/large amounts of water to prevent a gel-like mass to ↑ constipation Gentamicin (Garamycin) [aminoglycoside antibiotic] SE - ANSWER-nephrotoxicity & ototoxicity Digoxin [cardiac glycoside] that ↓ HR. intervention - ANSWER-assess apical HR for 1 min. Contact DR if HR < 60bpm Lorazepam (ativan) [benzodiazepine]: SE - ANSWER-abrupt cessation can →seizures RT physical addiction Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium)—SE - ANSWER-hepatitis (highest risk for women 35yrs or taking lg doses) Synergistic effect - ANSWER-effect of combined drugs greater than either of drugs alone Acetaminophen (Tylenol)—SE - ANSWER-Liver damage w/ high doses Diuretic therapy—Assess - ANSWER-K+ values to prevent dysrhythmias; ↓ Na+, ↓ Cl-, & ↓ Mg 2+ What does Zidovudine (AZT) - ANSWER-only anti-retroviral drug that reduces maternal- fetal transmission of HIV virus