Download A.T.I Pharmacology Proctored Review 2025– High Yield Nursing Exam Guide Featuring Expert and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
ATI Pharmacology Proctored Review 2025 – High-
Yield Nursing Exam Guide Featuring Expert-
Curated Questions, Correct Answers, and Must-
Know Pharmacology Concepts
A nurse is teaching the parents of a child who has a new prescription for Desipramine. The nurse should instruct the parents that which of the following adverse effects is the priority to report to the provider? A. Constipation B. Suicidal thoughts C. Photophobia D. Dry mouth - - correct ans- - B. Suicidal thoughts (The greatest risk to this client is injury from a suicide attempt; therefore, this is the priority. Desipramine can cause suicidal thoughts and behaviors which puts the client at risk. The parents should monitor and report any indication of increased depression or thoughts of suicidal behavior.) A nurse is teaching an adolescent client who has a new prescription for Clomipramine for OCD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include to minimize an adverse effect of his medication? A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors. B. Check your temperature daily. C. Take this medication in the morning. D. Add extra calories to your die - - correct ans- - A. Wear sunglasses when outdoors.
(Wearing sunglasses when outdoors will decrease photophobia, an anticholinergic effect associated with TCA use) A nurse is caring for a school-age child who has a new prescription for Atomoxetine. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? A. Kidney toxicity B. Liver damage C. Seizure activity D. Adrenal insufficiency - - correct ans- - B. Liver damage (Liver damage is an adverse effect of atomoxetine. The nurse should monitor for manifestations such as jaundice, upper abdominal tenderness, darkening of urine, and elevated liver enzymes) A nurse is teaching the parents of a school-age child about transdermal Methylphenidate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Apply one patch twice per day. B. Leave the patch on for 9 hr. C. Apply the patch to the child's waist. D. Use opened tray within 6 months. - - correct ans- - B. Leave the patch on for 9 hr. (Transdermal methylphenidate is administered for 9 hr/day.) A nurse is teaching a school-age child and his parents about a new prescription for Lisdexamfetamine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A charge nurse is planning a staff education session to discuss medications used during the care of a client experiencing alcohol withdrawal. Which of the following medications should the charge nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.) A. Lorazepam B. Diazepam C. Disulfiram D. Naltrexone E. Acamprosate - - correct ans- - A. Lorazepam B. Diazepam (A. Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used during alcohol withdrawal to decrease anxiety and reduce the risk for seizures. B. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used during alcohol withdrawal to decrease anxiety and reduce the risk for seizure) A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for Clonidine to assist with maintenance of abstinence from opioids. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? A. Diarrhea B. Dry mouth C. Insomnia D. Hypertension - - correct ans- - B. Dry mouth (Dry mouth is a common adverse effect associated with clonidine use)
A nurse is teaching a female client who has tobacco use disorder about Nicotine replacement therapy. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching? A. "I should avoid eating right before I chew a piece of nicotine gum." B. "I will need to stop using the nicotine gum after 1 year." C. "I know that nicotine gum is a safe alternative to smoking if I become pregnant." D. "I must chew the nicotine gum quickly for about 15 minutes. - - correct ans- - A (The client should avoid eating or drinking 15 min prior to and while chewing the nicotine gum) A nurse in an acute mental health facility is caring for a client who is experiencing withdrawal from Opioid use and has a new prescription for Clonidine. Which of the following actions should the nurse identify as the priority? A. Administer the clonidine on the prescribed schedule. B. Provide ice chips at the client's bedside. C. Educate the client on the effects of clonidine. D. Obtain baseline vital signs - - correct ans- - D (Assessment is the initial step of the nursing process. Obtaining the client's baseline vital signs is the priority nursing action) A nurse in the post-anesthesia recovery unit is caring for a client who received a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent and has muscle weakness. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Neostigmine B. Naloxone C. Dantrolene D. Vecuronium - - correct ans- - A (Neostigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used to reverse the effects of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers)
(B. Ethosuximide's only mechanism of action is to treat a client who has absence seizures E. Valproic acid has a therapeutic effect when treating a client who has absence seizures and all other forms of seizures. F. Lamotrigine has a therapeutic effect when treating a client who has absence seizures and all other forms of seizure) A nurse is reviewing a new prescription for oxcarbazepine with a female client who has partial seizures. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.) A."Use caution if given a prescription for a diuretic medication." B."Consider using an alternate form of contraception if you are using oral contraceptives." C."Chew gum to increase saliva production." D."Avoid driving until you see how the medication affects you." E."Notify your provider if you develop a skin rash - - correct ans- - a, b, d, e (A. Diuretic medications are administered with caution because of the high risk for hyponatremia when taking oxcarbazepine. B. An alternate form of contraception is recommended for clients taking oral contraceptives because oxcarbazepine decreases oral contraceptive levels D. The client should avoid driving if CNS effects of dizziness, drowsiness, and double vision develop. E. The client should notify the provider if a skin rash occurs because life-threatening skin disorders can develop.)
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for Timolol how to insert eye drops. The nurse should instruct the client to press on which of the following areas to prevent systemic absorption of the medication? A. Bony orbit B. Nasolacrimal duct C. Conjunctival sac D. Outer canthus - - correct ans- - B (Pressing on the nasolacrimal duct blocks the lacrimal punctum and prevents systemic absorption of the medication) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Brimonidine ophthalmic drops and wears soft contact lenses. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "This medication can stain your contacts." B. "This medication can cause your pupils to constrict." C. "This medication can absorb into your contacts." D. "This medication can slow your heart rate." - - correct ans- - C (Brimonidine can absorb into soft contact lenses. The client should remove his contacts then instill the medication and wait at least 15 min before putting in his contacts back in.) A nurse in an emergency unit is reviewing the medical record of a client who is being evaluated for angle-closure Glaucoma. Which of the following findings are indicative of this condition? A. Insidious onset of painless loss of vision B. Gradual reduction in peripheral vision C. Severe pain around eyes D. Intraocular pressure 12mm Hg - - correct ans- - C (Severe pain around eyes that radiates over the face is a manifestation of acute angle-closure glaucoma)
C. The parent should gently shake medication that is in suspension form to evenly- disperse the medication. D.The parent should keep the child on his side to promote drainage of the medication by gravity into the ear) A nurse in the operating room is caring for a client who received a dose of Succinylcholine. During the operation, the client suddenly develops rigidity, and his body temperature begins to rise. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? A. Neostigmine B. Naloxone C. Dantrolene D. Vecuronium - - correct ans- - C (muscle rigidity and a sudden rise in temperature is a manifestation of malignant hyperthermia. Dantrolene acts on skeletal muscles to reduce metabolic activity and treat malignant hyperthermia.) A nurse in the post-anesthesia care unit is caring for a client who is experiencing malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Place a cooling blanket on the client. B. Administer oxygen at 100%. C. Administer iced 0.9% sodium chloride. D. Administer potassium chloride IV. E. Monitor core body temperature - - correct ans- - a, b, c, e (A. The nurse should apply a cooling blanket and apply ice to the axilla and groin. B. The nurse should administer oxygen at 100% to treat decreased oxygen saturation.
C. The nurse should take action to decrease the client's body temperature by administering iced IV fluids. E. The nurse should monitor core body temperature to prevent hypothermia and to determine progress with treatment measures) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Baclofen to treat muscle spasms. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? (Select all that apply.) A. "I will stop taking this medication right away if I develop dizziness." B. "I know the doctor will gradually increase my dose of this medication for a while." C. "I should increase fiber to prevent constipation from this medication." D. "I won't be able to drink alcohol while I'm taking this medication." E. "I should take this medication on an empty stomach each morning." - - correct ans- - b, c, d (B. The provider starts the client on a low dose, and the dose is increased gradually to prevent CNS depression. C. The client should increase fluids and fiber to reduce the risk for constipation. D. The intake of alcohol and other CNS depressants can exacerbate the CNS depressant effects of baclofen. Therefore, the client is instructed to avoid CNS depressants while taking baclofen) A nurse is reviewing the health care record of a client who reports urinary incontinence and asks about a prescription for Oxybutynin. The nurse should recognize that Oxybutynin is contraindicated in the presence of which of the following conditions?
E. Retrograde amnesia, the inability to remember the events that occurred after taking the medication, can occur as an adverse effect of temazepam) A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving moderate sedation with Diazepam IV. The client is oversedated. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? A. Ketamine B. Naltrexone C. Flumazenil D. Fluvoxamine - - correct ans- - C (Flumazenil is a competitive benzodiazepine antagonist used to reverse the sedation and other effects of benzodiazepines) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Ramelteon. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid which of the following foods while taking this medication? A. Baked potato B. Fried chicken C. Whole-grain bread D. Citrus fruits - - correct ans- - B (high-fat foods, such as fried chicken prolong the absorption of ramelteon and should be avoided) A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to undergo a surgical procedure. Which of the following preexisting conditions can be a contraindication for the use of Ketamine as an intravenous anesthetic? A. Peptic ulcer disease B. Breast cancer C. Diabetes mellitus
D. Schizophrenia - - correct ans- - D (Ketamine can produce psychological effects, such as hallucinations. Therefore, schizophrenia can be a contraindication for the use of Ketamine) A nurse is providing instructions to a female client who has a new prescription for Zolpidem. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "Notify the provider if you plan to become pregnant." B. "Take the medication 1 hr before you plan to go to sleep." C. "Allow at least 6 hr for sleep when taking zolpidem." D. "To increase the effectiveness of zolpidem, take it with a bedtime snack. - - correct ans- - A (Zolpidem is Pregnancy Risk Category C. The client should notify the provider if she plans to become pregnant) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "Rinse your mouth after each use of this medication." B. "Limit fluid intake while taking this medication." C. "Increase your intake of vitamin B12 while taking this medication." D. "You can take the medication as needed. - - correct ans- - A (The client should rinse her mouth after each use to reduce the risk of oral fungal infection) A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has a new prescription for Albuterol and Beclomethasone inhalers for the control of asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Take the albuterol at the same time each day. B. Administer the albuterol inhaler prior to using the beclomethasone inhaler. C. Use beclomethasone if experiencing an acute episode.
C. Productive cough D. Constipation - - correct ans- - B (When used for over 5 days, rebound nasal congestion can occur when taking nasal sympathomimetic medications, such as phenylephrine) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Dextromethorphan to suppress a cough. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects of this medication? A. Diarrhea B. Anxiety C. Sedation D. Palpitations - - correct ans- - C (Dextromethorphan can cause sedation. Advise the client to avoid activities that require alertness) A nurse is teaching the family of a child who has Cystic Fibrosis and a new prescription for Acetylcysteine. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the instructions? A. "Expect this medication to suppress your cough." B. "Expect this medication to smell like rotten eggs." C. "Expect this medication to cause euphoria." D. "Expect this medication to turn your urine orange." - - correct ans- - B (Acetylcysteine has a sulfur content that causes a rotten-egg odor) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Diphenhydramine for allergic Rhinitis. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse reactions of this medication? (Select all that apply.) A. Dry mouth B. Nonproductive cough
C. Skin rash D. Drowsiness E. Urinary hesitation - - correct ans- - a, d, e (A. Dry mouth is an anticholinergic manifestation that can occur when a client takes diphenhydramine D. Drowsiness is an adverse reaction of this medication. Diphenhydramine is administered to treat insomnia. E. Urinary retention is an anticholinergic manifestation that can occur when a client takes diphenhydramine.) A nurse is teaching a client about the use of Fluticasone to treat Perennial Rhinitis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should use the spray every 4 hours while I am awake." B. "It can take as long as 3 weeks before the medication takes a maximum effect." C. "This medication can also be used to treat motion sickness." D. "I can use this medication when my nasal passages are blocked. - - correct ans- - B (The client can see some benefits of the medication within a few hours, but the maximum benefits can take up to 3 weeks.) A nursing is planning care for a client who is receiving Furosemide IV for peripheral edema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.) A. Assess for tinnitus. B. Report urine output 50 mL/hr. C. Monitor serum potassium levels. D. Elevate the head of bed slowly before ambulation.
C. Serum Potassium 5.2 mEq/L D. Blood Pressure 140/90 mm Hg - - correct ans- - C (Serum potassium of 5.2 mEq/L indicates hyperkalemia. Because spironolactone causes potassium retention, the nurse should withhold the medication and notify the provider) A nurse is caring for a client who has increased intracranial pressure and is receiving Mannitol. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL B. Urine output 40 mL/hr C. Dyspnea D. Bilateral equal pupil size - - correct ans- - C (Dyspnea is a manifestation of heart failure, an adverse effect of mannitol. The nurse should stop the medication and notify the provider.) A nurse is planning caring for a client who is has a new prescription for Torsemide. The nurse should plan to monitor for which of the following adverse reactions of this medications? (Select all that apply.) A. Respiratory acidosis B. Hypokalemia C. Hypotension D. Ototoxicity E. Ventricular dysrhythmias - - correct ans- - b, c, d, e (B. The nurse should plan to monitor for hypokalemia, which is an adverse effect of a loop diuretic. C. The nurse should plan to monitor for hypotension. D. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for ototoxicity.
E. The nurse should plan to monitor for ventricular dysrhythmias, which is a manifestation of hypokalemia, an adverse effect of torsemide) A nurse is reviewing the health record of a client who asks about using Propranolol to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize which of the following conditions is a contraindication for taking propranolol? A. Asthma B. Glaucoma C. Hypertension D. Tachycardia - - correct ans- - A (Propranolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker that blocks both beta1 and beta receptors. Blockade of beta2 receptors in the lungs causes bronchoconstriction, so it is contraindicated in clients who have asthma) A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Verapamil to control Hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. Increase the amount of dietary fiber in the diet. B. Drink grapefruit juice daily to increase vitamin C intake. C. Decrease the amount of calcium in the diet. D. Withhold food for 1 hr after the medication is taken - - correct ans- - A (Increasing dietary fiber intake can help prevent constipation, an adverse effect of verapamil) A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for Captopril for hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
