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Nurse contacts a pt's provider on telephone to obtain prescription for pain med. Which of following actions should nurse take? ✔✔Have the provider spell out the unfamiliar medication names. The nurse should ask the provider to spell out the name of the medication if the stated name is one the nurse is not familiar with. Nurse in clinic is caring for a pt who is taking aspirin for Tx of arthritis. Nurse should identify which of following findings as indication that pt is beginning to exhibit salicylism? ✔✔Tinnitus Tinnitus is a manifestation of aspirin toxicity, also called salicylism. Other manifestations include sweating, headache, and dizziness. Circulating nurse is planning care for pt who is schedule for surgery and has latex allergy. Which of following actions should nurse include in plan of care? ✔✔Place monitoring cords and tubes in a stockinet. The nurse should place monitoring devices in a stockinet to prevent direct contact with the client's skin.
ATI Pharmacology 2025 B Questions and Answers
2025 Latest| Updated & Verified| 100% Correct
(Graded A+)
Nurse is assessing pt who is receiving epoetin alfa to Tx anemia. Which of following findings should nurse monitor? ✔✔Increased blood pressure The therapeutic effect of epoetin alfa is an increase in hematocrit levels, which can result in an increase in a client's blood pressure. If the client's hematocrit level rises too rapidly, hypertension and seizures can result. The nurse should monitor the client's blood pressure and ensure hypertension is controlled prior to administering the medication. Nurse is preparing to administer hydrochlorothiazide to pt. Which of following actions should nurse take prior to administering the med? ✔✔Obtain the client's blood pressure. HCTZ is a thiazide diuretic administered to promote urine output and reduce blood pressure and edema. The nurse should obtain the client's blood pressure prior to administration of the medication. Nurse is caring for pt who is receiving Tx for opioid use disorder. Which of following medications should nurse expect to administer? ✔✔Methadone The nurse should expect to administer methadone for treatment of opioid use disorder. Methadone can be administered for withdrawal and to assist with maintenance and suppressive therapy. The nurse should administer bupropion to assist the client with smoking cessation. The nurse should administer disulfiram as an aversion therapy to assist with maintaining abstinence from alcohol.
Nurse is administering cefotetan via intermitten IV bolus to pt who suddenly develop dyspnea and widespread hives. Which of following actions should nurse take 1st? ✔✔Discontinue the medication IV infusion. The greatest risk to the client is respiratory arrest from anaphylaxis. Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to discontinue the medication IV infusion to prevent the client from receiving more medication. However, the nurse should not remove the IV catheter. Instead, the nurse should change the tubing and administer 0.9% sodium chloride by continuous IV infusion. Nurse administers ceftazidime to pt who has severe penicillin allergy. Nurse should identify which of following pt findings as indication that she should complete incident report? ✔✔The client reports shortness of breath. A severe penicillin allergy is a contraindication for taking ceftazidime, a cephalosporin antibiotic, due to the potential for cross-sensitivity. Shortness of breath can indicate the client is developing anaphylaxis. Nurse is preparing newly licensed nurse who is caring for 4 pts. Nurse should complete incident report for which of following actions by newly licensed nurse? ✔✔Administers isosorbide mononitrate to a client who has BP 82/60 mm Hg
Isosorbide mononitrate is a nitrate used for clients with angina. Taking isosorbide mononitrate leads to vasodilation, which can result in hypotension. The nurse should withhold the medication and notify the provider if the client's systolic blood pressure is below the expected reference range of 120/80. Nurse is planning to teach about inhalant meds to pt who has new Dx of exercise-indused asthma. Which of following weds should nurse plan to instruct pt to use prior to physical activity? ✔✔Cromolyn Cromolyn sodium stabilizes mast cells, which inhibit the release of histamine and other inflammatory mediators. The client should use cromolyn 10 to 15 min before planning to exercise to prevent bronchospasms. Nurse is caring for pt who is taking atorvastatin for hyperlipidemia. Which of following client lab values should nurse monitor? ✔✔Creatinine kinase The client who is taking atorvastatin can develop an adverse effect called rhabdomyolysis, which causes muscle weakness or pain and can progress to myositis. Creatinine kinase levels rise in response to enzymes released with muscle injury. Nurse is preparing to mix and administer dantrolene via IV bolus to pt who had developed MH during surgery. Which of following actions should nurse take? ✔✔Reconstitute the initial dose with 60 mL of sterile water without a bacteriostatic agent.
Nurse is teaching about zolpidem to pt who has insomnia. Nurse should identify that which of following pt statements indicates an understanding of teaching? ✔✔"I will use this medication for a short period of time." Zolpidem is used for short-term treatment of insomnia. Therefore, the provider should reassess the client before refilling the prescription. Nurse is providing teaching to pt who has new prescription for ferrous sulfate. Nurse should instruct pt to take med w/ which of following to promote absorption? ✔✔Orange juice The absorption of ferrous sulfate is enhanced by a vitamin C source, such as orange juice. Nurse is teaching about new prescription to pt who has new UTI. Nurse should identify which of following statements as an indication that pt understands teaching? ✔✔"I will report any signs of tendon pain or swelling." Ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, is associated with a risk of tendon rupture. This risk is increased in older adult clients, so the client should notify the provider at the onset of tendon pain or swelling. Nurse is providing teaching to pt who has prescription for trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Which of following instructions should nurse include in teaching? ✔✔Drink 8 to 10 glasses of water daily.
MY ANSWER
The nurse should instruct the client to increase water intake to 1,920 to 2,400 mL (65 to 81 oz) a day to decrease the chance of kidney damage from crystallization. The nurse should instruct the client to take the medication on an empty stomach either 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals. The nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider if a rash develops, because this can be an indication of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. However, the client should not expect to have a fine, red rash as a transient effect. The nurse should inform the client to store trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole in a light-resistant container at room temperature. Nurse is caring for pt who is receiving end-of-life care and has prescription for fentanyl patches. Which of following information regarding adverse effects of fentanyl should nurse plan to give to pt and family? ✔✔Take a stool softener on a daily basis. Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use. Stool softeners can decrease the severity of this adverse effect. Nurse is reviewing lab results for pt who is to receive dose of ceftazidime via intermittent IV bolus. Which of following lab findings is priority for nurse to report to Dr before administering med? ✔✔Creatinine 2.6 mg/dL
Docusate sodium is a surfactant that softens stool by reducing surface tension, allowing water to penetrate more easily into the stool. Osmotic laxatives, such as glycerin suppositories, act by lubricating the lower colon and initiating reflex contractions of the rectum. Bulk-forming laxatives, such as methylcellulose, mimic the action of dietary fiber, forming a viscous compound that softens the fecal mass and increases its bulk, which stimulates peristalsis. Stimulant laxatives, such as bisacodyl, stimulate the intestinal wall to cause peristalsis by pulling water into the intestines. Nurse is administering diazepam to pt who is having colonoscopy. Which of following actions should nurse take? ✔✔Ensure flumazenil is available to administer for toxicity management. The nurse should monitor the client for manifestations of diazepam toxicity, such as respiratory depression and hypotension. The nurse should be prepared to administer flumazenil to reverse the effects of diazepam. When diazepam is administered IV for induction of anesthesia, the nurse should expect the client to develop the full effect of the medication in 2 min. The nurse should measure the capnography level every 15 to 30 min until the client is awake and oriented and vital signs have returned to baseline. Nurse is caring for pt who has Mg 3.1 mEq/L. Nurse should expect to administer which of following meds? ✔✔Calcium gluconate
The nurse should expect to administer IV calcium gluconate to the client and prepare to provide ventilatory support. This client is at risk for respiratory depression and cardiac dysrhythmias because a magnesium level of 3.1 mEq/L is above the expected reference range of 1.3 to 2. mEq/L. Nurse is administering baclofen for pt who has spinal cord injury. Which of following findings should nurse document as therapeutic outcome? ✔✔Decrease in flexor and extensor spasticity A client who has a spinal cord injury and takes baclofen can experience a decrease in the frequency and severity of muscle spasms and in flexor and extensor spasticity. Nurse is teaching pt who is starting to take diltiazem. Which of following statements should nurse identify as indication that pt understands teaching? ✔✔"I will check my heart rate before I take the medication." Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, has cardio-suppressant effects at the SA and AV nodes, which can lead to bradycardia. The client should check their heart rate before taking the medication and notify the provider if it falls below the expected reference range. Nurse is caring for pt who has developed hypomagnesmia due to long-term therapy w/ lansoprazole. Nurse should monitor pt for which of following manifestations? ✔✔Disorientation
Paresthesia is a manifestation of hypocalcemia. A client report of a decrease in paresthesia is an indication of a therapeutic response to calcium citrate. The nurse should also monitor for a decrease in other manifestations of hypocalcemia, including muscle twitching and cardiac dysrhythmias. A calcium level of 8.8 mg/dL is below the reference range of 9.0 to 10.5 mg/dL and does not indicate a therapeutic response to calcium citrate. Nurse is providing discharge instructions to pt who is to self-administer insulin at home. Which of following client statements should indicated to nurse that teaching is effective? ✔✔"I will store my unopened bottles of insulin in the refrigerator." The client should store unopened vials of insulin in the refrigerator to maintain medication viability. Once opened, the insulin can remain at room temperature for up to 1 month. Nurse is providing teaching to pt about to use ethinyl estradiol/norelgestromin. Nurse should identify that which of following statements by pt indicates understanding of teaching? ✔✔"I will fold the sticky sides of the old patch together before disposing it." The client should fold the sticky sides of the old patch together and then place it in a childproof container to ensure safe disposal of the patch. The client should apply the patch within 7 days of menses to prevent ovulation and the need for another contraceptive method. The client should remove and dispose the old patch before applying a new patch to prevent toxicity by combining the remaining medication on the old patch with the medication on the new patch.
The client should apply the patch once a week for 3 weeks and then go without the patch for 1 week to promote menstruation. Nurse is caring for pt who has HF and is receiving IV infusion of dopamine. Which of following findings indicates that med is effective? ✔✔Increased cardiac output Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect, which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion. Tachycardia is an adverse effect of dopamine and does not indicate the medication's effectiveness. Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect, which increases blood pressure. Dopamine does not affect serum potassium levels. Nurse is caring for pt who is recovering from DVT and is to start taking warfarin. For which of following findings should nurse monitor as an adverse effect of warfarin? ✔✔Bleeding gums The nurse should monitor the client for bleeding gums, which is an adverse effect of warfarin, an anticoagulant. The nurse should monitor for gastrointestinal irritation, which can include diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. The nurse should monitor the INR daily until it increases to a therapeutic level. The nurse should monitor for hypotension, which can indicate bleeding.
Concurrent use of St. John's Wort and fluoxetine can increase the client's risk for serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening complication. Manifestations of serotonin syndrome include confusion, hallucinations, hyperreflexia, excessive sweating, and fever. Clients taking fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, are not required to restrict their dietary intake of tyramine. A client who is taking an MAOI, such as selegiline, should avoid products containing tyramine. The nurse should inform the client that the therapeutic levels of fluoxetine can take between 1 and 4 weeks to achieve desired effects. The client should take the medication as prescribed and use other strategies to manage depression in the interim. Nurse is preparing to administer NS 1L over 8 hr to pt. Drop factor of manual IV tubing is 15 gtt/mL. Nurse should set manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? ✔✔ 31 gtt/min Nurse is providing teaching for pt who has MS and new prescription for methylprenisolone. Which of following instructions should nurse include? (select all that apply) ✔✔"Blood glucose levels will be monitored during therapy" : The nurse should instruct the client that their blood glucose levels will be monitored during therapy because corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, can raise blood glucose levels. "Avoid contact with persons who have known infections": The nurse should instruct the client to avoid contact with persons who have known infections because corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, suppress the immune response and mask manifestations of infection.
"Grapefruit juice can increase the blood levels of the medication": The nurse should instruct the client that grapefruit juice increases the absorption of the medication, which can lead to toxicity and adrenal suppression. Nurse is teaching pt who is taking ranitidine for PUD. Which of following pt statements should nurse identify as understanding of teaching? ✔✔"I know smoking makes ranitidine less effective." The nurse should instruct the client that smoking decreases the effectiveness of ranitidine by exacerbating the ulcer manifestations. Nurse is preparing to administer new prescription of amoxicillin/clavulanic to pt. Pt tells nurse that they're allergic to penicillin. Which of following actions should nurse take 1st? ✔✔Withhold the medication. When using the urgent vs nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine that the priority action is to withhold the medication to prevent injury to the client. Nurse is caring for pt who reports lethargy and myalgia after taking clozapine for months. Which of following actions should nurse plan to take? ✔✔Obtain WBC with absolute neutrophil count. The client who takes clozapine can develop lethargy and myalgia caused by the adverse effect of agranulocytosis. Therefore, monitoring the WBC with absolute neutrophil count weekly for the
Enalapril is an ACE inhibitor that has several cardiovascular adverse effects including hypotension, tachycardia, and dysrhythmias. Enalapril can cause several sensory adverse effects such as a loss of taste. However, it does not cause a loss of smell. Nurse is reviewing medical record of pt who has schizophrenia and prescription for chlozapine. Which of following lab tests should nurse review before administering med? ✔✔Total cholesterol The nurse should review the client's total cholesterol before administering clozapine, because this medication can cause hyperlipidemia. Nurse is providing discharge teaching to pt who has new prescription for furosemide BID. Nurse should include which of following instructions in teaching? (select all that apply) ✔✔"Increase intake of potassium-rich foods": Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, act at the loop of Henle by blocking the resorption of sodium, water, and potassium. An adverse effect of the medication is the development of electrolyte imbalances such as hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hypokalemia. To prevent hypokalemia, the client should increase intake of potassium-rich foods, such as potatoes, spinach, dried fruit, and nuts. "Monitor for muscle weakness": Furosemide, a loop diuretic, causes a loss of potassium, which can result in manifestations of hypokalemia such as difficulty concentrating, shallow respirations, hyporeflexia, and muscle weakness. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for these manifestations and report them to the provider.
"Dangle your legs from the side of the bed before standing": Loop diuretics, such as furosemide, reduce vascular tone and increase fluid excretion. These effects decrease blood return to the heart and can manifest as dizziness and lightheadedness when going from a lying to a standing position. The client should change positions slowly to minimize orthostatic hypotension. Nurse is caring for pt who is receiving haloperidol. Nurse should identify which of following findings as adverse effect of med? ✔✔Akathisia An adverse effect associated with haloperidol is the development of extrapyramidal manifestations such as dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia. Nurse is reviewing lab results of pt who is taking carbamazepine for seizure disorder. Which of following findings should nurse report to provider? ✔✔WBC 3,500/mm A WBC count of 3,500/mm3 is below the expected reference range of 5,000 to 10,000/mm3. Leukopenia is an adverse effect of carbamazepine. The nurse should report this finding to the provider and monitor the client for manifestations of infection. A carbamazepine level of 7 mcg/mL is within the expected reference range of 5 to 12 mcg/mL and is an expected finding. A 24 - hour urine glucose of 300 mg/day is within the expected reference range of 50 to 300 mg/day. The nurse should continue to monitor this value because carbamazepine can cause an elevation in urine glucose levels.
