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AORN PERIOP 101 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
"What is a Jackson-Pratt? - CORRECT ANSWER 4.Following an excisional breast biopsy, the
circulating nurse would anticipate the need to have available this type of drain"
"What is Lithotomy Position? - CORRECT ANSWER 6.This position can cause physiological
effects of circulatory and respiratory compromise due to pressure on the abdomen."
"What is to reduce the patient's risk of intraoperative skin injury. - CORRECT ANSWER 7.To
protect sensitive areas of the skin with appropriate padding is a recommended practice for this:"
"What is personal protective equipment? - CORRECT ANSWER 8.An environmental sanitation
practice that is required to limit the transmission of microorganisms to personnel when handling body fluid spills"
"c. use additional precautions as appropriate based on unique patient considerations -
CORRECT ANSWER 10. According to AORN RP for positioning the patient, the perioperative
nurse should: What is... a. Use a consistent method of procedure-specific position for each patient b. Rely on the surgeon's and anesthesia provider's assessments to guide positioning c. use additional precautions as appropriate based on unique patient considerations d. Depend on the patient's natural defense mechanisms to indicate the need for positioning alterations"
"What is skin clips? - CORRECT ANSWER 11.The disadvantage of using this type of wound
closure is because they often cause more scarring than other skin closure methods."
"What is Self-determination? - CORRECT ANSWER 12.An automatic intraoperative suspension
of a do-not-resuscitate decision violates a patient's ethical right to..."
"What is situational-based error? - CORRECT ANSWER 13. This type of human factor error is
responsible when a perioperative nurse is trying to attend to several tasks at once"
"What is aseptic technique? - CORRECT ANSWER 14.Restricting pathogenic organisms from
the patient, environment, equipment, and supplies is the definition of...."
"b. The scrub gown should be fastened in the back before donning gloves - CORRECT ANSWER
- This statement about gloving technique is true What is... a. When gloving another person, always glove the left hand first. b. The scrub gown should be fastened in the back before donning gloves c. Open glove technique is used for initial donning of the sterile gown and gloves. d. Closed glove technique is used to glove the surgeon or assistant."
"What is fuel source? - CORRECT ANSWER 19. Draping material is this source in the fire
triangle? (fuel, ignition, oxidizer)"
"What is place it in a designated neutral zone with a verbal cue - CORRECT ANSWER 20. The
safest way to pass a cutting instrument to a surgeon is:"
"What is a Latex-safe cart? - CORRECT ANSWER 23. Silicone catheters should be stocked on
this particular cart in the surgical suite."
"What is handling natural absorbable sutures (plain, chromic) - CORRECT ANSWER 24. Open
this package carefully over a small basin to prevent splashing of the packaging solution."
"What is a laser safety officer? - CORRECT ANSWER 25. An example of administrative controls
to assure safe use of lasers, is the appointment of a person in this role:" "c. act according to the terms of agreement establishing the nature of the relationship between
the pt and the nurse - CORRECT ANSWER 26. This statement about the perioperative nurse's
role in bioethical decision making is most justifiable. The perioperative nurse should... WHAT IS... a. Try to avoid involvement in ethical dilemmas unless they are personally engaged in a situation. b. Refer all ethical dilemmas to the institution's ethics committee to decide the best course of action. c. act according to the terms of agreement establishing the nature of the relationship between the pt and the nurse d. Defer to surgeons judgment when there is disagreement about the right course of action."
"What is location of drain? - CORRECT ANSWER 37. When documenting the placement of
surgical drains, it should include:"
"What is risk for perioperative positioning injury? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. A critical
perioperative nursing diagnosis within the PNDS is:"
"What is biological monitoring? - CORRECT ANSWER 41. There are 3 process monitors in the
sterilization process; this particular monitor indicates that the intended physical conditions in the sterilizer were met."
"What is unexplained increase in end-tidal CO2? - CORRECT ANSWER 42. This is the most
reliable early indication of malignant hyperthermia" "b. Work setting and situation variations may determine the extent to which the RPs can be
applied - CORRECT ANSWER 43. This statement concerning the use of AORN Recommended
Practices is true: a. RPs supersede departmental and institutional policies b. Work setting and situation variations may determine the extent to which the RPs can be applied c. RPs are based on scientific evidence of how nurses actually practice in perioperative settings d. Licensed and accredited institutions are required to comply with the RPs"
"What is proper handling of explants - CORRECT ANSWER 49. Documentation of the serial
number in the medical record and on the pathology requisition when an apparent defect or failure occurs."
"What is CHG? - CORRECT ANSWER Skin prep agent contraindicated for use during
reconstruction of the external ear."
"What is appropriate eyewear during laser surgery? - CORRECT ANSWER 51. AORN RP states,
this should be matched to the type of laser, optical density, and wavelength"
"What is recommended for transferring medication from a multi-use vial to the sterile field? -
CORRECT ANSWER 52. Use a sterile transfer device"
"What are assessment factors when screening pts for potential risk of malignant hyperthermia?
CORRECT ANSWER 53. Family history of problems related to anesthesia; and pts previous
experience with anesthesia"
"What is the nominal hazard zone for laser use? - CORRECT ANSWER 54. The space where
direct, scattered, or reflected laser radiation exceeds maximal permissible exposure"
"What is critical thinking? - CORRECT ANSWER 60. What type of thinking is required to deliver
safe patient care based on the statement "safe care requires teamwork and care tailored to the individual patient?""
"What is proliferation phase? - CORRECT ANSWER 63. During this phase of wound healing
contraction occurs"
"What are guidelines for safe use of an endoscopic light source? - CORRECT ANSWER 64.
Placing the light in standby mode when not in use"
"an example of an occluding clamp - CORRECT ANSWER 65. What is a kocher?"
"Who is the circulating nurse? - CORRECT ANSWER 66. The surgical team member responsible
for preparing the surgical specimen to be sent to the lab"
"What is EO - CORRECT ANSWER 67. Exposure to this sterilization method is potentially
carcinogenic and mutagenic to personnel and patients." "a. Prop the foot to allow ample access to all surfaces during the prep b. use an impervious drape to protect the tourniquet
c. start at the incision site, include toes and move up the leg. - CORRECT ANSWER 72. When
performing a skin prep on a patient scheduled for a bunionectomy what steps should be included?" "a. Explain what the patient will experience - b. Provide emotional support to enhance coping -
c. Teaching specific skills that the pt will need to perform post-op - - CORRECT ANSWER 73.
Name the perioperative nurse's role in pt and family education?"
d. Testicular- - CORRECT ANSWER 80. Name 4 types of biopsies that require specialized
methods of preparation and preservation to preserve the cells" "a. Administration of ordered preoperative medications- b. Oral verification by the pt of the procedure to be performed- c. Patient allergies to medications and materials used in the surgical suite-
d. Patient identification, using oral verification and patient records- - CORRECT ANSWER 81.
List 4 items necessary included in Preoperative documentation" "a. Contact urticarial- b. Periorbital edema and itching-
c. Wheezing- - CORRECT ANSWER 82. List Clinical manifestation of a true allergic response to
latex" "a. Names of personnel assisting with positioning- b. Placement of arms- c. Position that pt is placed in for procedure-
d. Use of specific positioning devices- - CORRECT ANSWER 83. List 4 components that should
be included in documentation of intraoperative patient position." "a. Name of pt- b. Procedure to be performed-
c. Site of procedure- - CORRECT ANSWER 84. AORN guidelines for a "time-out" specify that all
surgical team members must agree on the following 3 things" "a. Anxiety about an uncertain outcome- b. Discomfort or pain- c. Fear of unknown-
d. Short period of time for assessment and teaching- - CORRECT ANSWER 85. 4 Barriers to
effective pt and family education in the perioperative setting." "a. Diabetes- b. Protein deficiency- c. Smoking-
d. Steroid use- - CORRECT ANSWER a. Anxiety about an uncertain outcome
b. Discomfort or pain c. Fear of unknown d. Short period of time for assessment and teaching"
"a. Reduce risk of microbial contamination- b. Remove soil and debris-
c. Suppress growth of microorganisms- - CORRECT ANSWER The purposes of the surgical hand
scrub" "a. Count all sponges at the beginning of the case- b. Separate sponges as they are counted- c. Simultaneous counting by two people, including an RN circulator- d. Count out loud
e. Document all counts - CORRECT ANSWER 88. List Recommended Practices for sponge count
procedures" "a. Apply cricoid pressure if needed during intubation-
b. Remain at the pts side to offer reassurance and promote safety- - CORRECT ANSWER 89.
List 2 ways that the Perioperative nurse assists with general anesthesia induction" "a. Grasp gown at shoulders and pull downward, turning sleeves inside out- b. Remove gown first-
c. Use a glove-to-glove and skin-to-skin technique to remove gloves- - CORRECT ANSWER 90.
List 3 steps that should be followed to remove of the gown and gloves at the end of the procedure" "a. Conveying genuine caring for the pts well-being- b. Increasing pt and family adherence to the plan of care- c. Increasing pts and family satisfaction with quality of care-
d. Legal, ethical, and regulatory mandates- - CORRECT ANSWER 93. State 4 reasons why
perioperative pt and family education is important" "a. Commitment to safety as the first priority in providing care*
b. Trust among healthcare team members* - CORRECT ANSWER 2 Characteristics included in
the elements of a culture of safety within a healthcare organization:" "a. Have a back up tank available- b. Verify that CO2 pressure and supply alarms are on and functioning- c. Position the insufflator at pts heart level or above
d. Verify that the tank valve is open - CORRECT ANSWER 95. 4 things the perioperative nurse
should do when setting up the insufflation equipment for an abdominal endoscopic procedure"
b. Have irrigation ready to use with the drill or saw-
c. Use the instrument with the blade or drill guard in place- - CORRECT ANSWER 107. What are
3 Safety precautions when handling and caring for powered instrument" "a. Request additional personnel to assist with pt transfer- b. Use a friction-reducing transfer sheet- c. Use a slider or roller board-
d. Use the draw sheet to lift the pt slightly to allow the skin to realign with skeletal structure- -
CORRECT ANSWER 108. A patient is unable to transfer independently to the procedure bed.
To achieve the PNDS outcomes related to safe patient transfer, which measures may be used to prevent shearing injury?" "a. Open box locks and disassemble instrument with multiple parts- b. Use enzymatic detergent on heavily soiled instruments-
c. Wear PPE- - CORRECT ANSWER 109. What Practices are recommended during
decontamination of used instruments" "a. Assess pts medication allergies and use of herbal or dietary supplements- b. Verify the administration of the correct med, dose, and route- c. Writing down and reading back the surgeons oral orders before preparing medication-
d. Verify expiration date - CORRECT ANSWER 110. What is the Perioperative nurses role in
preparing and administering meds" "a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa- b. Salmonella cholera suis-
c. Staphylococus aureus- - CORRECT ANSWER 113. The EPA registered germicides labeled as
hospital disinfectants must demonstrate effectiveness against these 3 microorganisms:"
Research - CORRECT ANSWER A study conducted on children's response to pain. (Example)"
"Evidence-based Practice - CORRECT ANSWER Implementation of infection control principles
based on current research (Example)"
"Quality Improvement - CORRECT ANSWER An initiative to determine the relevance of patient
discharge instructions. (Example)"
"Respondeat Superior - CORRECT ANSWER "Let the master answer" an employer is vicariously
liable for the behavior of an employee working within his or her scope of employment"
"Tort - CORRECT ANSWER A breach of duty to another person as outlined by law."
"Standard of Care - CORRECT ANSWER Actions of a reasonable and prudent professional in
the same or similar circumstance."
"5 Rights of Delegation - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Right task
- Right circumstance
- Right person
- Right direction/communication
- Right supervision/evaluation"
"US Regulatory Organizations at the State Level include (3 entities) - CORRECT ANSWER 1.
Public Health depts
- Licensing Boards
- Insurance commissioners"
"US Accreditation Agencies (4 entities) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. AAAHC (Ambulatory Health
Care)
- ACHC (Health Care)
- DNV GL
- TJC (The Joint Commission)"
"Professional Organizations to help guide practice (2 entities) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. ASCA
(Surgery Center Association)
- AORN (Association of periOperative Registered Nurses)"
"4 Elements of Safety Culture - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Consistent and safe delivery of services.
- Collaborative efforts among all teams and disciplines.
- Environment that places reporting of errors and near misses ahead of blaming and recrimination.
- Commitment of resources that focuses on safety."
"Key takeaways from IOM "To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System" - CORRECT
ANSWER 44,000 to 98,000 patient deaths may occur each year in the U.S. from PREVENTABLE
MEDICAL ERRORS"
"What's the minimum number of air exchanges per hour in the OR? - CORRECT ANSWER 20"
"Timeout Criteria (Minimum of 4) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Correct patient
- Correct site
- Correct patient position
- Correct procedure"
"Hallways leading to the OR and the sterile processing areas are designated as: - CORRECT
ANSWER Semi-restricted areas"
"The airflow in the OR has what type of relationship to the adjacent OR hallway? - CORRECT
ANSWER Positive"
"The only area in the perioperative environment that is designated as a restricted area is? -
CORRECT ANSWER The Operating Room"
"This person establishes the sterile field and passes instruments to the surgeon - CORRECT
ANSWER Scrub person"
"Your patient is experiencing a Malignant Hyperthermia crisis. Which medications should be
readily available in the MH cart? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Dantrolene Sodium (2.5 mg/kg while
infusing IV fluids)
- Calcium Chloride 10% (10 mg/kg)
- Sodium Bicarbonate 8.4% (maximum dose 50 mEq)
- Refrigerated regular insulin"
"Which devices are responsible for fire IGNITION? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Laser
- Electrocautery"
"Which items are responsible for fire FUEL? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Surgical drapes
- Sponges
- Alcohol-based preoperative skin antisepsis solutions"
"What items are responsible for fire OXIDIZER? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Nitrous Oxide
- Oxygen"
"Steps in an airway or chest fire - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Immediately remove the endotracheal
tube and any segments of the burned tube that remain in the airway
- Discontinue the flow of breathing gases to the patient 3." "Local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST) is a life-threatening adverse event that may occur after the administration of local anesthetic drugs through a variety of routes. What medication should
be available? - CORRECT ANSWER 1. 20% lipid emulsion (Bolus: 1.5mL/kg over 1 min)
(Infusion: 0.25mL/kg/min over 30-60 min, may double rate as needed)
- Use benzodiazepines for seizure suppression (NO PROPOFOL)"
“What is a Blunt needle point? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.This type of needle point is what you
would expect to be needed for suturing friable tissue such as the liver."
"What are disposable stapler sets? - CORRECT ANSWER 2.These particular wound closing
items are available in a wide variety of instrument sizes."
"What is cc? - CORRECT ANSWER 3.Give one example from TJC list of Do-Not-Use
Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols."
"What is Clean contaminated? - CORRECT ANSWER 5.The surgical wound classification for a
total abdominal hysterectomy."
"What is capacitive coupling? - CORRECT ANSWER 9.It is recommended to inspect the active
electrode for insulation defects to prevent this from occurring during MIS"
"What are draping materials? - CORRECT ANSWER The most important consideration when
selecting these materials is to prevent risk of contaminating patients with endogenous and exogenous microorganisms; and risk of exposing healthcare workers to patient's blood and body fluids"
"What is Phase II? - CORRECT ANSWER 16.Patient and caregiver education for continuing
post-op care at home is the primary focus of this Phase of post anesthesia care."
"What are Healthcare organizations? - CORRECT ANSWER 17.According to the Institute of
medicine recommendations for improving patient safety, this organization has the greatest potential impact to make changes on improving pt safety"
"What is Trendelenberg? - CORRECT ANSWER 21. To place a patient safely in this particular
position the knees are over the break in the procedure bed to allow for knee flexion."
"2. to permit aseptic delivery of contents to the sterile field - CORRECT ANSWER 22. A
packaging system for items undergoing sterilization should possess this characteristic: What is....
"What is a surgical specimen? - CORRECT ANSWER 48. After this is procured by the surgeon,
the scrub person should keep it moist with saline and in a sterile basin until it can be passed to the circulating nurse."
"What is decontamination? - CORRECT ANSWER 55. First step in the sterilization process of
surgical instruments that have been used in a procedure"
"What is the culture of a clinical setting? - CORRECT ANSWER 56. This is affected by pt and
staff beliefs, staff attitudes, and individual and collective values"
"What are sensory assessment findings common among elderly patients? - CORRECT
ANSWER 57. Decreased color and depth perception"
"What is consider items of doubtful sterility contaminated? - CORRECT ANSWER 58. Principle
of asepsis that is most directly related to the concept of surgical conscience"
"What are insulation defects that can cause unseen thermal burns? - CORRECT ANSWER 59.
Most important reason for maintaining endoscopic instruments at optimal level of function"
"perioperative nursing documentation. - CORRECT ANSWER Evaluation of pt outcomes,
Nursing plan of care, Occurrence of any unusual events, and Periop nurses legal signature are components that should be included in this"
"Passive acceptance of an unreflective jump to conclusion required in the OR. - CORRECT
ANSWER 62. According to Dewey and Glaser this statement about critical thinking is incorrect.
a. Logical inquiry and thoughtful reasoning b. Active, persistent and careful consideration of the evidence supporting a decision c. Passive acceptance of an unreflective jump to conclusion required in the OR. d. Skill in applying the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning"
"What is interim cleaning? - CORRECT ANSWER 68. The AORN RP that most directly pertains
to this phase of cleaning in the Periop environment states that a safe, clean environment should be reestablished after each surgical procedure."
"What is a bullet? - CORRECT ANSWER 69. Placing it in a sterile plastic container is the proper
handling of this item when removed from a patient for forensic evidence."
"What is the activity performed during post-procedure cleaning of the OR? - CORRECT
ANSWER 70. During which phase of Cleaning includes the entire floor, moving the OR bed to
clean 3-4 feet around it"
"What is critical thinking skills? - CORRECT ANSWER 71. Clinical nurse progression from
Novice to Expert requires enhancement of this, and the development and refinement of this is affected by Clinical narratives, simulation, questioning; Partnering with proficient nurses; and the nurse's level of knowledge and experience" "a. Assess pts cross-sensitivities and previous reactions to latex- b. Indicate latex precaution on door signs for every room pt occupies- c. Use latex-free supplies for IVs, hair covering, dressing materials, etc.- d. Verify surgeon is aware of the allergy-
e. Schedule pt as first case of the day if possible - CORRECT ANSWER 91. List 5 actions that
should be included in the perioperative nursing care of a pt with a suspected latex allergy." "a. Drape from sterile to unsterile areas- b. Drape from operative site outward- c. Form a cuff with the drape and place gloved hands under the cuff- d. Handle each drape as little as possible-
e. If draping without assistance, walk around the OR bed to drape the other side- - CORRECT
ANSWER 92. List 5 steps that should be followed in correctly draping the sterile field"
"a. Ligatures-
b. Pledget- - CORRECT ANSWER 96. Name 2 methods or items that accomplish hemostasis by
occluding a severed blood vessel, and causing platelets to clump together" "a. Assure that prep solutions have dried and vapors evaporated before the device is used- b. Confirm each requested power setting change orally with the surgeon- c. Inspect each circuit component if the surgeon repeatedly requests higher power settings-
d. Inspect the ESU unit before use to verify electrical integrity - CORRECT ANSWER 97. Name 4
ways to prevent or minimize ESU injuries to the pt" "a. Keep stainless steel and titanium instruments separated- b. Use a non-fibrous sponge wipe to clean the instrument tip if recommended-
c. Use tip covers or protective sleeves when instruments are not being used- - CORRECT
ANSWER 102. What special care procedures are required for microsurgical instruments"
"a. Sterile gowns should resist fluid strike-through- b. Head covering should be donned before pulling on the scrub top- c. Scrub top must be secured at the waist or tucked into the pants- d. Shoe covers are optional
e. Masks are changed after each patient - CORRECT ANSWER 103. Name factors regarding the
proper attire of surgical team member" "a. Fingernails should be cleaned under running water- b. Stand slightly back from the sink and lean over to prevent splashing scrub suit-
