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Anemia NCLEX Practice questions latest download with answers updated version[2024-2025], Exams of Nursing

Anemia NCLEX Practice questions latest download with answers updated version[2024-2025]

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2024/2025

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Anemia NCLEX Practice questions latest download
with answers updated version[2024-2025]
1. A 43-year-old African American male is admitted with sickle cell
anemia. The nurse plans to assess circulation in the lower extremities
every 2 hours. Which of the following outcome criteria would the nurse
use?
a. Body temperature of 99°F or less
b. Toes moved in active range of motion
c. Sensation reported when soles of feet are touched
d. Capillary refill of < 3 seconds: D
It is important to assess the extremities for blood vessel occlusion in the client
with sickle cell anemia because a change in capillary refill would indicate a
change in circulation.
2. Which of the following foods would the nurse encourage the client in
sickle cell crisis to eat?
a. Peaches
b. Cottage cheese
c. Popsicle
d. Lima beans: C
Hydration is important in the client with sickle cell disease to prevent thrombus
formation. Popsicles, gelatin, juice, and pudding have high fluid content.
3. The nurse is instructing a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which
of the following meal plans would the nurse expect the client to select?
a. Roast beef, gelatin salad, green beans, and peach pie
b. Chicken salad sandwich, coleslaw, French fries, ice cream
c. Egg salad on wheat bread, carrot sticks, lettuce salad, raisin pie
d. Pork chop, creamed potatoes, corn, and coconut cake: C
Egg yolks, wheat bread, carrots, raisins, and green, leafy vegetables are all high
in iron, which is an important mineral for this client.
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Anemia NCLEX Practice questions latest download

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  1. A 43-year-old African American male is admitted with sickle cell anemia. The nurse plans to assess circulation in the lower extremities every 2 hours. Which of the following outcome criteria would the nurse use? a. Body temperature of 99°F or less b. Toes moved in active range of motion c. Sensation reported when soles of feet are touched d. Capillary refill of < 3 seconds: D It is important to assess the extremities for blood vessel occlusion in the client with sickle cell anemia because a change in capillary refill would indicate a change in circulation.
  2. Which of the following foods would the nurse encourage the client in sickle cell crisis to eat? a. Peaches b. Cottage cheese c. Popsicle d. Lima beans: C Hydration is important in the client with sickle cell disease to prevent thrombus formation. Popsicles, gelatin, juice, and pudding have high fluid content.
  3. The nurse is instructing a client with iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following meal plans would the nurse expect the client to select? a. Roast beef, gelatin salad, green beans, and peach pie b. Chicken salad sandwich, coleslaw, French fries, ice cream c. Egg salad on wheat bread, carrot sticks, lettuce salad, raisin pie d. Pork chop, creamed potatoes, corn, and coconut cake: C Egg yolks, wheat bread, carrots, raisins, and green, leafy vegetables are all high in iron, which is an important mineral for this client.
  1. An African American female comes to the outpatient clinic. The physician suspects vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Because jaundice is often a clinical manifestation of this type of anemia, what body part would be the best indica- tor? a. Conjunctiva of the eye b. Soles of the feet c. Roof of the mouth d. Shins: c The oral mucosa and hard palate (roof of the mouth) are the best indicators of jaundice in dark-skinned persons. Skin assessment of patients with dark skin should be done in natural light when possible in order to ascertain the condition; it may be necessary to check mucous membranes, sclera, lips, nail beds, palms, and soles of feet for accurate assessment.
  2. The nurse is conducting a physical assessment on a client with anemia. Which of the following clinical manifestations would be most indicative of the anemia? a. BP 146/ b. Respirations 28 shallow c. Weight gain of 10 pounds in 6 months d. Pink complexion: B When there are fewer red blood cells, there is less hemoglobin and less oxygen. Therefore, the client is often short of breath. The client with anemia is often pale in color, has weight loss, and may be hypotensive.
  3. The nurse is teaching the client with polycythemia vera about prevention of complications of the disease. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching? a. "I will drink 500mL of fluid or less each day." b. "I will wear support hose when I am up." c. "I will use an electric razor for shaving." d. "I will eat foods low in iron.: A The client with polycythemia vera is at risk for thrombus formation. Hydrating the client with at least 3L of fluid per day is important in preventing clot

Clients with aplastic anemia are severely immunocompromised and at risk for infection and possible death related to bone marrow suppression and pancytopenia. Strict aseptic technique and reverse isolation are important measures to prevent infection

  1. A vegetarian client was referred to a dietician for nutritional counseling for anemia. Which client outcome indicates that the client does not understand nutritional counseling? The client: A. Adds dried fruit to cereal and baked goods B. Cooks tomato-based foods in iron pots C. Drinks coffee or tea with meals D. Adds vitamin C to all meal: C. coffe and tea increase GI mobility and inhibit the absorption of iron
  2. A client was admitted with iron deficiency anemia and blood- streaked emesis. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining the extent of the client's activity intolerance? A. "What activities were you able to do 6 months ago compared with the present?" B. "How long have you had this problem?" C. "Have you been able to keep up with all your usual activities?" D. "Are you more tired now than you used to be?": A. It is difficult to determine activity intolerance without objectively comparing activities from one time frame to another. Because iron deficiency anemia can occur gradually and individual endurance varies, the nurse can best assess the client's activity tolerance by asking the client to compare activities 6 months ago and at the present.
  3. The primary purpose of the Schilling test is to measure the client's ability to: Store vitamin B Digest vitamin B Absorb vitamin B Produce vitamin B12: Absorb vitamin B

Pernicious anemia is caused by the body's inability to absorb vitamin B12. This results in a lack of intrinsic factor in the gastric juices. Schilling's test helps diagnose pernicious anemia by determining the ability to absorb vitamin B12.

  1. A client is to receive epoetin (Epogen) injections. What laboratory value should the nurse assess before giving the injection? Hematocrit Partial thromboplastin time Hemoglobin concentration Prothrombin time: Hematocrit Epogen is a recombinant DNA form of erythropoietin, which stimulates the produc- tion of RBCs and therefore causes the hematocrit to rise. The elevation in hematocrit causes an elevation in blood pressure; therefore, the blood pressure is a vital sign that should be checked. Erythropoietin can be used to correct anemia by stimulating red blood cell production in the bone marrow in these conditions. The medication is known as epoetin alfa (Epogen, Procrit) or as darbepoietin alfa (Arnesp). It can be given as an injection intravenously or subQ.
    1. A client with iron deficiency anemia is scheduled for discharge. Which instruction about prescribed ferrous gluconate therapy should the nurse include in the teaching plan? "Take the medication with an antacid." "Take the medication with a glass of milk." "Take the medication with cereal." "Take the medication on an empty stomach.": take on an empty stomach In aplastic anemia, the most likely diagnostic findings are decreased levels of all the cellular elements of the blood (pancytopenia). T-helper cell production doesn't decrease in aplastic anemia. Reed-Sternberg cells and lymph node enlargement occur with Hodgkin's disease.
    1. A mother asks the nurse if her child's iron deficiency anemia is related to the child's frequent infections. The nurse responds based on

arm. The burned area appears red, has blisters, and is very painful. How should this injury be categorized? A. Superficial B. Partial-thickness superficial C. Partial-thickness deep D. Full thickness: B

    1. Which vitamin deficiency is most likely to be a long-term consequence of a full-thickness burn injury? A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin B C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D: D
    1. Which type of fluid should the nurse expect to prepare and administer as fluid resuscitation during the emergent phase of burn recovery? A. Colloids B. Crystalloids C. Fresh-frozen plasma D. Packed red blood cells: B
    1. The client who experienced an inhalation injury 6 hours ago has been wheezing. When the client is assessed, wheezes are no longer heard. What is the nurse's best action? A. Raise the head of the bed. B. Notify the emergency team. C. Loosen the dressings on the chest. D. Document the findings as the only action: B
    1. Twelve hours after the client was initially burned, bowel sounds are absent in all four abdominal quadrants. What is the nurse's best action? A. Reposition the client onto the right side. B. Document the finding as the only action. C. Notify the emergency team.

D. Increase the IV flow rate.: B

  1. The newly admitted client has deep partial-thickness burns. The nurse expects to see which clinical manifestations? A) Painful red and white blisters B) Painless, brownish-yellow eschar C) Painful reddened blisters D) Painless black skin with eschar: A: there wouldn't be any eschar becuae he is newly admitted. Eschar forms after a few days
  2. The nurse on a burn unit has just received change-of-shift report about these patients. Which patient should be assessed first? A) A 20-year-old patient admitted a week ago with deep partial-thickness burns over 35% of the body who is complaining of pain at a level 7 (0-to- 10 scale) B) A 26-year-old firefighter with smoke inhalation and facial burns who has just arrived on the unit and whispers "I can't catch my breath!" C) A 50-year-old electrician who suffered external burn injuries a month ago and is requesting that you call the doctor immediately about discharge plans D) A 60-year-old patient admitted yesterday with partial- and full- thickness burns over 40% of the body who is receiving IV fluids at 250 mL/hr: B Smoke inhalation and facial burns are associated with airway inflamation and obstruction.
    1. The nurse is caring for a client with an electrical burn. Which structures have the greatest risk for soft tissue injury? A. Fat, tendons, and bones B. Skin and hair C. Nerves, muscle, and blood vessels D. Skin, fat, and muscle: A Fat, tendon, and bone have the most resistance. The higher the resistance, the greater the heat generated by the current, thereby increasing the risk for soft tissue injury.
  3. The charge nurse is making assignments on a medical floor. Which client should be assigned to the most experienced nurse? 1. Client diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia who is prescribed iron sup- plements.
  1. The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with left- sided paralysis secondary to a right-sided cerebrovascular accident (stroke). Which should be included in the interventions? 1. Use a pillow to keep the heels off the bed when supine. 2. Order a low air-loss therapy bed immediately. 3. Prepare to insert nasogastric feeding tube. 4. Order an occupational therapy consult for strength training.: 1. Use a pillow to keep the heels off the bed when supine.
  2. The client who is debilitated and has developed multiple pressure ulcers complains to the nurse during a dressing change that he is "tired of it all". Which is the nurses best therapeutic response? 1. These wounds can heal if we get enough protein in you. 2. Are you tired of the treatments and needing to be cared for? 3. why would you say that? we are doing our best. 4. Have you made out an advance directive to let the HCP know your wishes?- : 2. Are you tired of the treatments and needing to be cared for?
  3. The client has some equipment that is noisy, and the roommate also has equipment that makes noise, and the room is close to a noisy nursing station, where they can be watched a little closer. Which of the following interventions by the nurse would be best for the client as well as reduce the risk of sensory overload? 1. Move the client away from the nurses' station area. 2. Explain the sounds in the environment. 3. Tell the client to ignore the sounds. 4. Play the client's favorite music louder than the sounds.: 2. Explain the sounds in the environment.
  4. Anemia or insufficient hemoglobin content is common in older persons. The client's body compensates for the deficiency by: Decreasing the respiratory and heart rates. Increasing the heart and respiratory rates. Shunting blood away from vital organs and skin.

Decreasing blood viscosity in order to supply oxygen to hypoxic tissues.: In- crease the Heart & RR all anemias result in loss of Oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and generalized hypoxia. The body compensates for this by raising HR and RR

  1. Erythropoietin sometimes is administered subcutaneously to treat which of the following? (Select all that apply.) Clients with marrow suppression Clients with chronic liver disease Clients with Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Clients with anemia and fatigue related to non-myeloid cancers: clients w/ anemia & fatigue r/t non-myeloid cancer
  2. The most common cause of macrocytic anemia in the older person is B12 or folate deficiency. Failure to absorb vitamin B12 from the G.I. tract is called: Macrocytic anemia. Aplastic anemia. Pernicious anemia. Thalassemia anemia: thalassemia anemia
  3. The nurse has provided nutritional teaching on foods high in folate to a client with folate deficiency related to malabsorption syndromes and poor nutrition. Which of the following foods, if chosen by the client, indicates that the client understands the teaching? Liver and dark green leafy vegetables Whole milk and eggs Potatoes and carrots Bread and fish: Liver & dark green leafy veggies

a. "I need to start eating more red meat or liver." b. "I will stop having a glass of wine with dinner." c. "I will need to take a proton pump inhibitor like omeprazole (Prilosec)." d. "I would rather use the nasal spray than have to get injections of vitamin B12: D Since pernicious anemia prevents the absorption of vitamin B12, this patient re- quires injections or intranasal administration of cobalamin. Alcohol use does not cause cobalamin deficiency. Proton pump inhibitors decrease the absorption of vitamin B12. Eating more foods rich in vitamin B12 is not helpful because the lack of intrinsic factor prevents absorption of the vitami

  1. A patient is admitted to the hospital with idiopathic aplastic anemia. Which of these collaborative problems will the nurse include when developing the care plan? a. Potential complication: seizures b. Potential complication: infection c. Potential complication: neurogenic shock d. Potential complication: pulmonary edema: B the pt is at risk for infection and bleeding from aplastic anemia
  2. When planning discharge teaching for the patient who was admitted with a sickle cell crisis, which instruction will the nurse include? a. Limit fluids to 2 to 3 quarts a day. b. Take a daily multivitamin with iron. c. Avoid exposure to crowds as much as possible. d. Drink only one or two caffeinated beverages daily: C exposure to crowds increases pts risk of infection
  3. During the admission assessment of a patient with hemolytic anemia, the nurse notes jaundice of the sclerae. The nurse will plan to check the laboratory results for a. the Schilling test. b. the bilirubin level.

c. the stool occult blood test. d. the gastric analysis testing: B jaundice is caused by the elevation of bilirubin level associated with RBC hemolysis

  1. During treatment of the patient with an acute exacerbation of polycythemia vera, a critical action by the nurse is to a. place the patient on bed rest. b. administer iron supplements. c. avoid use of aspirin products. d. monitor fluid intake and output: D Monitoring hydration status is important during an acute exacerbation because the patient is at risk for fluid overload or underhydration. Aspirin therapy is used to decrease risk for thrombosis. The patient should be encouraged to ambulate to prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Iron is contraindicated in patients with polycythemia vera.
  2. A patient receiving a transfusion of packed red blood cells develops chills, fever, headache, and anxiety 30 minutes after the transfusion is started. After stop- ping the transfusion, what is the first action that the nurse should take? a. Draw blood for a new crossmatch. b. Send a urine specimen to the laboratory. c. Give the PRN diphenhydramine (Benadryl). d. Administer the PRN acetaminophen (Tylenol: D these are clinical manifestations of a febrile nonhemolytic reaction stop infusion and give antipyretics for fever
  3. Fifteen minutes after a transfusion of packed red blood cells is started, a patient complains of back pain and dyspnea. The pulse rate is 124. The nurse's first action should be to a. administer oxygen therapy at a high flow rate. b. obtain a urine specimen to send to the laboratory.

A. Total protein B. Tissue type antigens C. Prostate specific antigen D. Hemoglobin S electrophoresi: D sickle cell disease are common among african americans

  1. Which type of fluid should the nurse expect to prepare and administer as fluid resuscitation during the emergent phase of burn recovery? A. Colloids B. Crystalloids C. Fresh-frozen plasma D. Packed red blood cells: B. Crystalloids examples are NS and LR
  2. The client who experienced an inhalation injury 6 hours ago has been wheezing. When the client is assessed, wheezes are no longer heard. What is the nurse's best action? A. Raise the head of the bed. B. Notify the emergency team. C. Loosen the dressings on the chest. D. Document the findings as the only action.: B
  3. The burned client relates the following history of previous health problems. Which one should alert the nurse to the need for alteration of the fluid resus- citation plan? A. Seasonal asthma B. Hepatitis B 10 years ago C. Myocardial infarction 1 year ago D. Kidney stones within the last 6 month: C
  4. The burned client on admission is drooling and having difficulty swallow- ing. What is the nurse's best first action? A. Assess level of consciousness and pupillary reactions. B. Ask the client at what time food or liquid was last consumed. C. Auscultate breath sounds over the trachea and mainstem bronchi. D. Measure abdominal girth and auscultate bowel sounds in all four

quad- rants.: C

  1. Which statement made by the client with facial burns who has been pre- scribed to wear a facial mask pressure garment indicates correct understand- ing of the purpose of this treatment?

Aplastic anemia develops when damage occurs to the bone marrow, slowing or shutting down the production of new blood cells. Treatment include medications, blood transfusions or a stem cell transplant, also called a bone marrow transplant.

  1. What causes hemolytic anemia?: Hemolytic anemia is a disorder in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be made. The destruction of red blood cells is called hemolysis.
  1. What are the symptoms of hemolytic anemia?: Yellowish skin, eyes, and mouth (jaundice). Dark-colored urine, fever, enlarged spleen and liver.
  2. Polycythemia Vera: Polycythemia vera is a slow-growing blood cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells. These excess cells thicken the blood, slowing its flow. This causes complications, such as blood clots which can cause a stroke. Hydrating the client with 3 L of fluid prevents clot formation. Aspirin helps prevent thrombosis. Ambulation is also important to prevent DVT.