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6501 NUR Advanced Pathophysiology
Questions
The action of platelet-derived growth factor is to stimulate the production of which cells?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Platel e ts
• Question
2 1 out of 1
points
A healthcare professional is educating a patient about asthma. The professional states that good control is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process?
Selecte
d
Answer
Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eventual scarring.
• Question
3 1 out of 1
points
What is an expected change in the cardiovascular system that occurs with aging?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Arterial stiffening
• Question
4 0 out of 1
points
People diagnosed with neurofibromatosis have varying degrees of the condition because of which genetic principle?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Domina n ce
• Question
5 0 out of 1
points
When endothelial cells are injured, what alteration contributes to atherosclerosis?
Selecte
d
Answer:
The release of toxic oxygen radicals that oxidize low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
- Question (^6) 1 out of 1
points
A healthcare professional cares for older adults in a skilled nursing facility. What should the professional assess for in these individuals related to cardiovascular functioning?
cause of cellular injury?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
Hypoxic injury
- Question (^12) 1 out of 1
points
A professor has taught the students about the sources of increased ammonia in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. What statement by a student indicates the professor should review this material?
Selected Accumulation of^ short-chain^ fatty^ acids^ are^ a source^ of
Answer: increased^ ammonia.
- Question 13
1 out of 1 points
Surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells facilitates alveolar distention and ventilation by which mechanism?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Decreasing surface tension in the alveoli
- Question (^14) 1 out of 1
points
A patient is brought to the Emergency Department with a gunshot wound to the chest. The healthcare professional assesses an abnormality involving a pleural rupture that acts as a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing during expiration. What action by the healthcare professional is the priority?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Assist with a chest tube insertion.
- Question (^15) 1 out of 1
points
What is the only surface inside the nephron where cells are covered with microvilli to increase the reabsorptive surface area called?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Proximal convoluted tubules
- Question (^16) 1 out of 1
points
A patient is having an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. What action by the healthcare professional is best?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Give the patient an antihistamine.
- Question 18
1 out of 1
points
Which hormone is required for water to be reabsorbed in the distal tubule and collecting duct?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Antidiuretic hormone
- Question (^19) 1 out of 1
points
The cardiac electrical impulse normally begins spontaneously in the sinoatrial (SA) node because of what reason?
Selecte
d
Answer:
It depolarizes more rapidly than other automatic cells of the heart.
- Question 20 What is one function of the tumor cell marker?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
To screen individuals at high risk for cancer
- Question (^21) 1 out of 1
points
When comparing the clinical manifestations of both diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNKS), which condition is associated with only DKA?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Kussmaul respiration s
- Question 22 Which cAMP-mediated response is related to antidiuretic hormone?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
I
n creased retention of water
- Question (^23) 0 out of 1
points
The student wants information about a patient's renal function. What test does the healthcare professional tell the student to evaluate?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine
U
s e of glucocorticoid s
- Question 29 What is the cause of functional dysphagia?
Selected Neural^ or
muscular disorders
1 out of 1
points
Answer:
- Question 30
1 out of 1 points
What effect is a result of inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system with a drug such as atropine?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Salivation decreases.
- Question (^31) 1 out of 1
points
Renal failure is the most common cause of which type of hyperparathyroidism?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Second a ry
- Question (^32) 0 out of 1
points
A healthcare professional wants to determine the adequacy of a person's alveolar ventilation. What assessment finding is most important for the professional to consider?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Ventilatory pattern is regular and rhythmic.
- Question (^33) 0 out of 1
points
The acute inflammatory response is characterized by fever that is produced by the hypothalamus being affected by what?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Bacterial endotoxi n
- Question (^34) 0 out of 1
points
A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient does the professional assess for neurogenic diabetes insipidus (DI)?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Decrease in repolarizatio n
- Question (^36) 0 out of 1
points
Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes
- Question (^37) 1 out of 1
points
A student asks why some vaccinations are given orally and some are given by injection. What response by the professor is best?
Selecte
d
Answer
Each route stimulates a different lymphocyte-containing tissue, resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity.
- Question (^38) 1 out of 1
points
The Bainbridge reflex is thought to be initiated by sensory neurons in which cardiac location?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Atr i a
- Question (^39) 1 out of 1
points
A healthcare professional is caring for four patients. Which patient should the professional assess for hyperkalemia?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Renal failur e
- Question 40 What is the role of the normal intestinal bacterial flora?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
Metabolizing bile salts, estrogens, and lipids
- Question (^41) 0 out of 1
points
A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory
- Question 46 Which renal change is found in older adults?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
Decrease in the number of nephrons
- Question (^47) 0 out of 1
points
If a patient develops acidosis, the nurse would expect the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to react in which manner?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Show dramatic fluctuation, allowing the O (^2) concentration to increase
- Question 48 Under anaerobic conditions, what process provides energy for the cell?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
Glycoly s is
- Question (^49) 1 out of 1
points
A patient suffered multiple traumatic injuries and received many blood transfusions within a few days of the injuries. For which medical condition should the healthcare professional monitor the patient for?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Hemoside ro sis
- Question (^50) 0 out of 1
points
The student asks the professor to explain what characteristic is demonstrated by lungs with decreased compliance?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Inability to diffuse oxygen
- Question 51 What is one function of the tumor cell marker?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
To screen individuals at high risk for cancer
Answer: IgA
- Question 53
1 out of 1 points
A student asks the healthcare professional to describe exotoxins. Which statement by the professional is best?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Exotoxins are released during bacterial growth.
- Question (^54) 0 out of 1
points
A class of students has learned about contributing factors to duodenal ulcers. What statement indicates to the professor that the students need a review?
Selecte
d
Answer:
Duodenal ulcers occur with greater frequency than other types of peptic ulcers.
- Question (^55) 0 out of 1
points
A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who has a delay in electrical activity reaching the ventricle as seen on ECG. What ECG finding would the healthcare professional associate with this problem?
Selecte
d
Answer:
A prolonged ST interval
- Question 56 How do free radicals cause cell damage?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
Giving up an electron, which causes injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane
- Question 57 What causes the edema that occurs during the inflammatory process?
1 out of 1
points
Selecte
d
Answer:
I
n creased capillary permeability
- Question 58 A student learns what information about acute pancreatitis?
0 out of 1
points
